Question 2.4: A spherical conductor of radius 12 cm has a charge of 1.6 × 10−7C distributed uniformly on its surface. What is the electric field(a) Inside the sphere(b) Just outside the sphere(c) At a point 18 cm from the centre of the sphere?
Answer :
(a) Radius of the spherical conductor, r = 12 cm = 0.12 m
Charge is uniformly distributed over the conductor, q = 1.6 × 10−7 C
Electric field inside a spherical conductor is zero. This is because if there is field inside the conductor, then charges will move to neutralize it.
(b) Electric field E just outside the conductor is given by the relation,
Where,
= Permittivity of free space
Therefore, the electric field just outside the sphere is 
.
.
(c) Electric field at a point 18 m from the centre of the sphere = E1
Distance of the point from the centre, d = 18 cm = 0.18 m
Therefore, the electric field at a point 18 cm from the centre of the sphere is
.
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